TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Faculty

Metabolic and Morphologic Complications of HIV and HAART

Metabolic and Morphologic Complications of HIV and HAART: One Syndrome or Many?

HIV Wasting: Incidence in the HAART Era - Nutrition for Healthy Living (NFHL) Study

HIV Wasting: Incidence in the NFHL Cohort (N=466)

HIV Wasting: Weight Loss in the NFHL Cohort (N=497)

HIV Wasting: Relationship of Incidence to HAART Use in the NFHL Cohort (N=633)

HIV Wasting: Effect of HAART

HIV Wasting: Loss of Lean Body Mass (LBM) and Fat Mass (FM)

HIV Wasting: Is It Wasting or Fat Atrophy?

HIV Wasting: Etiology of Weight Loss

HIV Wasting: Effects

HIV Wasting: Definition

HIV Wasting: Initial Patient Evaluation

HIV Wasting: Initial Patient Evaluation – Suggested Questions

HIV Wasting: Initial Patient Evaluation – Body Composition Measurements

HIV Wasting: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)

HIV Wasting: BIA Studies in HIV-Infected Patients

HIV Wasting: Other Body Composition Techniques

HIV Wasting: Validation and Advantages of BIA

HIV Wasting: Initial Patient Evaluation – Laboratory Tests

HIV Wasting: Follow-Up Visit

HIV Wasting: General Patient Management

HIV Wasting: Interventions and Treatment

HIV Wasting: Growth Hormone rhGH[m] (Serostim®)1,2

HIV Wasting: Initial Therapy with rhGH[m] (Serostim®)

HIV Wasting: Placebo-Controlled Trial of rhGH[m] (Serostim®)

HIV Wasting: Change in Body Composition with rhGH[m] (Serostim®) Therapy

HIV Wasting: Testosterone for Hypogonadal Patients1-4

HIV Wasting: Management and Treatment Algorithm

HIV Wasting: Anabolic Agents for Non-Hypogonadal Patients1-5

HIV Wasting: Nandrolone (Deca Durabolin®)

HIV Wasting: Oxandrolone (Oxandrin®)

HIV Wasting: Anabolic Agents1-6

HIV Wasting: Appetite Stimulants for Anorexia1-6

HIV Wasting: Dronabinol (Marinol®)1, 2

HIV Wasting: Megestrol Acetate (Megace®)

HIV Wasting: Megestrol Acetate (Megace®) – Study Results

HIV Wasting: Adjunctive Treatments and Interventions

HIV Wasting: Progressive Resistance Exercise (PRE)

HIV Wasting: Post-Treatment Visits – Every 3 Months

HIV Wasting: Expected Clinical Outcomes

HIV Wasting: Summary and Conclusions

Morphologic Changes: Definitions

Morphologic Changes: Implications

Morphologic Changes: Prevalence

Morphologic Changes: Predictors –The HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS)

Morphologic Changes: Gender Differences

Morphologic Changes: Role of PIs – Hypothesis

Morphologic Changes: Risk of Fat Loss/Accumulation with PIs

Morphologic Changes: Risk of Fat Loss/Accumulation with PIs – Results

Morphologic Changes: Risk of Fat Loss/Accumulation with PIs – Progression to Lipodystrophy

Morphologic Changes: Risk of Fat Loss/Accumulation with PIs – Factors Associated with Progression

Morphologic Changes: Role of NRTIs – Hypothesis

Morphologic Changes: Diagnosis and Monitoring

Morphologic Changes: Management Approaches

Morphologic Changes: Switching Antiretroviral Therapy

Morphologic Changes: Exercise

Morphologic Changes:  Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (Serostim®)

Morphologic Changes: Other Studies of Growth Hormone Therapy for Lipodystrophy

Morphologic Changes: Metformin Therapy for Lipodystrophy

Morphologic Changes: Metformin – Mean Change in Weight and Waist Circumference

Morphologic Changes: Summary and Conclusions

Dyslipidemia: Characteristics

Dyslipidemia: Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in HIV

Dyslipidemia: Evaluation of Serum Lipids

Dyslipidemia: Indications for Intervention – Hypercholesterolemia (National Cholesterol Education Program)

Dyslipidemia: Indications for Intervention – Hypertriglyceridemia

Dyslipidemia: Management Approaches

Dyslipidemia: Drug Therapies

Dyslipidemia: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

Dyslipidemia: Fibrates

Dyslipidemia: Antiretroviral Switching Strategies

Dyslipidemia: Summary and Conclusions

Glucose Metabolism: PI-Associated History

Glucose Metabolism: Reported Incidence

Glucose Metabolism: Insulin Resistance

Glucose Metabolism: Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance

Glucose Metabolism: Evaluation and Diagnosis

Glucose Metabolism: Diagnostic Criteria for Diabetes

Glucose Metabolism: Diagnostic Criteria for Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Glucose Metabolism: Impact of Body Composition Changes

Glucose Metabolism: Fasting and Two-Hour Glucose Levels

Glucose Metabolism: Fasting and Two-Hour Insulin Levels

Glucose Metabolism:  Metabolic Profile in the HIV Lipodystrophy Syndrome

Glucose Metabolism: Management Strategies

Glucose Metabolism: Drug Therapies

Glucose Metabolism: Metformin – Impact on PAI-1 and tPA Antigen Levels

Glucose Metabolism: Metformin – Correlation Between Change in Insulin and tPA Levels

Glucose Metabolism: Metformin – Impact on PAI-1 and tPA Antigen Levels Results

Glucose Metabolism: Summary and Conclusions

Lactic Acidosis: Symptoms and Laboratory Findings

Lactic Acidosis: Defining the Syndrome

Lactic Acidosis: NRTIs and Pathogenesis

Lactic Acidosis: In Vitro Effects of NRTIs

Lactic Acidosis: Frequency

Lactic Acidosis: Clinical Features

Lactic Acidosis: Outcomes and Risk Factors

Lactic Acidosis: Treatment1-4

Lactic Acidosis: Summary and Conclusions

Hyperlactatemia: Defining the Syndrome

Hyperlactatemia: Prevalence

Hyperlactatemia: Incidence in Patients Receiving NRTIs

Hyperlactatemia: Incidence Rate for Specific NRTIs

Hyperlactatemia: Relative Risk Compared with ZDV/3TC-Containing Regimens

Hyperlactatemia: Switching d4T for ZDV or ABC in Patients with Fat Wasting – Effect on Lactate

Hyperlactatemia: Summary and Conclusions

 Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction: Symptoms

Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction: Risk with Therapy Interruptions

Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction: Study Results

Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction: Conclusions

Neuropathy: Risk with Hydroxyurea (HU)

Neuropathy: Incidence Rates and Relative Risks

Hepatotoxicity: Risk with NNRTIs

Hepatotoxicity: Risk with NNRTIs and Hepatitis

Hepatotoxicity: Risk with NRTIs and Hydroxyurea (HU)

Toxicities of HAART: Summary and Conclusions

Bone Disorders: Osteopenia and Osteoporosis1,2

Bone Disorders: Osteoporosis – Classification

Bone Disorders: Osteoporosis – Associated Disorders

Bone Disorders: Osteoporosis – Diagnosis and Treatment

Bone Disorders: Prevalence and Association with Antiretrovirals

Bone Disorders: Disturbed Bone Formation and Resorption

Bone Disorders: Influence of HAART on Bone Remodeling

Bone Disorders: Avascular Necrosis (Osteonecrosis)

Bone Disorders: Avascular Necrosis – Diagnosis and Treatment

Bone Disorders: Avascular Necrosis in HIV Infection

Bone Disorders: Summary and Conclusions