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Outcomes
and Risk Factors
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Cause
of death in 20 cases (17 female)1
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| •
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Risk
factors include duration of NRTI exposure, gender, and weight
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| •
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Recovery
from hyperlactatemia may be prolonged; mean of 62 days (range
7-176 days)2
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•
Lactic acidosis can be fatal in some cases. In the FDA study by
Boxwell and Styrt1, there were 20 deaths, 17 of which were female
patients.
• A number of risk factors have been suggested by various case
reports. These include the duration of NRTI exposure, female gender,
and being overweight. In the FDA study, half of the female cases
taking 3TC/d4T weighed more than 175 pounds and were considered
obese. Higher weights were reported in patients who had died.
• Recovery from hyperlactatemia may take a long time. In a
case series of 20 patients with the condition who were receiving
various NRTI regimens, the mean resolution time after antiretrovirals
were suspended was 62 days.2
References:
1. Boxwell DE, Styrt BA. Lactic acidosis (LA) in patients receiving
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Program and
abstracts of the 39th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents
and Chemotherapy, San Francisco, CA; Sept 26-29, 1999. Abstract
1284.
2. Lonergan JT, Havlir D, Behling C, et al. Hyperlactatemia in 20
patients receiving NRTI combination regimens. Program and abstracts
of the 7th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections,
San Francisco, CA; Jan 30-Feb 2, 2000. Abstract 56.
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