Other Infections

IDWeek 2014: Hepatitis B Relapse Is Common After Stopping Antiviral Therapy

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) rebounded in nearly 80% of people treated with fully or partially suppressive antiviral therapy using adefovir (Hepsera), entecavir (Baraclude), lamivudine (Epivir), or tenofovir (Viread), indicating that long-term therapy is usually needed to control the virus, researchers reported at IDWeek 2014 last month in Philadelphia.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: Syphilis Cases Increase Among Men with HIV Despite Risk Reduction Counseling

There has been a substantial increase in the number of syphilis cases among men living with HIV -- particularly men who have sex with men (MSM) -- despite systematic risk reduction counseling in this population since 2008, according to a study conducted at a clinic in rural Pennsylvania presented at IDWeek 2014 earlier this month.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: Study Shows HIV/HCV Coinfected Women Have Lower Bone Density

ART-treated women with HIV/HCV coinfection have greater deficits in some structural bone parameters compared to women with HIV only, HCV only, or neither virus, according to the results of a cross-sectional study presented at IDWeek 2014 last week in Philadelphia. Among women with HCV, bone loss was most profound in those with stage 3-4 liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, which adversely effects bone health.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: Acute Retroviral Syndrome Linked to Higher HIV Levels in Blood, Gut and Brain

People with acute or very recent HIV infection who experience the flu-like symptoms of acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) have higher levels of HIV RNA and proviral DNA in their blood, colon, and brain tissue, indicating more active viral replication, as well as higher levels of certain inflammatory biomarkers researchers reported at IDWeek 2014 this month in Philadelphia.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: HIV/HCV Coinfected People Do Not Have Poorer CD4 Cell Recovery

Among HIV positive people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection was not associated with significantly lower CD4 T-cell or B-cell gains, according to study findings presented at IDWeek 2014 last week in Philadelphia.alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: HIV and Hepatitis B Coinfection Linked to Hip Fractures

People with HIV/HBV coinfection being treated for both diseases had a significantly higher risk of hip fractures than patients with HIV alone or neither virus, according to research presented at IDWeek 2014 last week in Philadelphia.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: NNRTIs and Protease Inhibitors Both Good for First ART, Channeling Affects Choices

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and boosted protease inhibitors work equally well for people starting HIV treatment for the first time, with similar viral suppression, CD4 cell gains, and disease progression, according to a large meta-analysis presented at IDWeek 2014 last week in Philadelphia. A related study shed light on factors affecting choice of initial antiretroviral regimen.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: Earlier Treatment, NNRTI Use Predict Slower HIV Rebound After Stopping ART

HIV viral load usually begins to rise again within 4 to 8 weeks after stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART), though starting treatment earlier in the course of infection and using a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) may delay viral rebound, according to study findings presented at IDWeek 2014 last week in Philadelphia.

alt

Read more:

IDWeek 2014: Longer Use, Age, Low Body Weight Raise Risk of Tenofovir Kidney Problems

Abnormal kidney biomarkers are common but rarely progress to serious kidney dysfunction in HIV positive people taking tenofovir, and longer duration of use, older age, and having diabetes or high blood pressure raise the risk, researchers reported at IDWeek 2014 last week in Philadelphia. A related study found that people with low body weight experienced progressive kidney function decline while taking tenofovir.

alt

Read more: